- Neuropsychiatry, Sleep Disorders and Medicine
Session Introduction
Behzad Rahmati
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Title: Screening questionnaires for obstructive sleep apnea: an updated systematic review
Biography:
Behzad Rahmati M.D Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Abstract:
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common sleep-related breathing disorder which is associated with significant morbidity. The aim of the current study was to do an updated systematic review of literature on studies assessed the accuracy of screening questionnaires for OSA against polysomnography (PSG) as the reference test.
Methods: An English literature search was performed using Medline, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Scopus between January 2010 till April 2017. The reference list of included studies were also manually searched for finding additional studies.
Results: Thirty-nine studies comprising 18068 subjects included in the systematic review. The sensitivity of STOP-Bang questionnaire (SBQ) in detecting mild (AHI≥5 events/h) and severe (AHI≥30 events/h) OSA was higher in comparison to other screening questionnaires (ranged from 81.08% to 97.55% and 69.2% to 98.7% respectively). However, STOP questionnaire (SQ) had the highest sensitivity in prediction of moderate OSA (AHI≥15 events/h) (ranged from 41.3% to 100%).
Conclusion: The results of the present systematic review suggested SQ and SBQ for screening of OSA among sleep clinic patients. Although further validation studies of screening questionnaires on general populations are required.
Dhondup Namgyal
Neuropsychology and Neuroscience,
Title: Dim Light Induced Neurotoxicity and Reversal effects of Curcumin
Biography:
Dhondup Namgyal Amity Institute of Neuropsychology and Neuroscience,Amity University, Noida, UP 201313.
Abstract:
The prevalence of major stress and depressive like disorders has increased in recent years yet the
complete set of contributors remain unknown. The environmental and social changes have certainly
played a significant role in these symptoms. Our physiology and mental processes are influenced by
the environmental factors like temperature, light and dark cycles and other environmental factors in
which we live. Many of our biological systems are under circadian control, including sleep-wake
behavior, light-dark cycle, hormone secretion, cellular functions and gene expression.
In the past, our ancestor experienced a predictable period of light and dark which allowed them to
develop the intrinsic pattern of circadian rhythms in tune to the light and dark cycle. Ever since
technology brought changes in our circadian rhythm, the exposure to artificial light has dramatically
increased and along with that, disorders related to mental health has also increased. However, the
knowledge about how this alteration in light-dark phase of circadian rhythm changes our brain
anatomy level is poorly understood. Hence, in this study, we investigated the effect of chronic
exposure to 5 lux dim light at night for one week in swiss albino mice and analysed the effect on
their behavior. We have also investigated the brain derived neurotrophic factor expression level,
hippocampal synapsin II protein level and the Double cortin protein expression levels. In addition
we have also investigated the neuroprotective role of curcumin(30mg/kg and 50mg/kg) in mice
stressed due to dim light exposure at night.
From our study, it was found that even one week of exposure to dim light at night has dramatic
effects on the expression levels of proteins such as BDNF, synapsin II and DCX. We have also
found that the dim light at night had increased the oxidation levels and created certain changes in
their behaviour in terms of reduced learning capacity, inhibited locomotor activity and memory
retention with high stress levels. However, treatment of curcumin had effectively protected the
neuro-inflammation caused by the dim light at night. These results indicate that artificial light
exposure contributes to the rise of mood disorders and reveal curcumin to have an effective role in
the reversibility of depressive like behavior observed under chronic dim light at night.